I don't know where you're reading but the idea that there is a lack of research on the dangers of GMOs is totally false.
From Wikipedia:*"A 2013 review of 1,783 papers on genetically modified crops and food published between 2002 and 2012 found no plausible evidence of dangers from the use of currently marketed GM crops."
I should also note that about 1/3 of these studies were conducted by independent researchers not funded by Monsanto or any other GM company. Go to biofortified.org to find a growing list of these studies.
The general scientific consensus is that GMOs are safe for human consumption.
Furthermore, GMOs are heavily tested for their safety before being released to market, and then only after government agencies like the USDA have evaluated them. Do you really think if Monsanto or some other company used peanut genes in a GM food they wouldn't make absolutely sure it didn't kill people? Can you imagine the media shitstorm that would create if a GM food was proven to be dangerous?
You really didn't read my post did you?
Peanuts are completely safe for human consumption, right? But if you put peanut genes into potatoes, someone who is allergic to peanuts could have an allergic reaction to potatoes, right? Please admit it is at least possible?
So voila, that is the argument for GMO labeling. They may be safe, but people should be informed so they know if they are eating GMO foods or not. Those who have food allergies or ethical reasons for not eating them can avoid them.
What do the companies like Monsanto fear from labeling? Not as much as those with food allergies do, for sure.
By the way I have a degree in plant biology and studied not only bio engineering as an undergrad, but bio ethics. So I know more than a little about the subject.